Basic English Grammar Notes Pdf Free Download

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Basic English Grammar Notes

Sentence

A sentence is a set of words that is complete in itself means when a set of words conveys something (Statement, question, command, idea) clearly, it is called a sentence.

Parts of Speech

The most crucial elements of any language are the parts of speech. These are referred to as the fundamental building blocks of English grammar. You cannot move forward in reading English properly or expressing yourself appropriately without a solid comprehension of the components of speech. Without an accurate understanding of the parts of speech, no appropriate sentence can be produced. The use and functions of each English word determine which categories or sections of speech it belongs to. In the English language, there are eight parts of speech, which are as follows

  • Noun
  • Pronoun
  • Verb
  • Adjective
  • Adverb
  • Prepositions
  • Conjunctions
  • Interjections

Noun

A noun is a word for a person, place, th, ng, or idea. everything we can see or talk about
is denoted by a word that names it. That “naming” word is called a noun.

Eg:- bo Enumclawmal Scotlandnd coCHHcplais is included

Eg:- Street, Bangalore, things, table, wire, material gold, glass, quality

There are seven different categories of nouns, and they are as follows:-

  1. Common Noun
  2. Proper Noun
  3. Collective Noun
  4. Abstract Noun
  5. Material Noun
  6. Countable Noun
  7. Uncountable Noun

1). Common Noun

A generic noun is another name for a common noun. A common noun is a common term given to a person, place, thing, or concept. A common noun is a name given to a member of the same class or kind in common. Common nouns are used everywhere. When they are the first word in a phrase, common nouns only begin with capital letters. A generic noun is another name for a common noun. A common noun is a common term given to a person, place, thing, or concept.

A common noun is a name given to a member of the same class or kind in common. Common nouns are used everywhere. When they are the first word in a phrase, common nouns only begin with capital letters.

EX:- We are planning to go to a restaurant. Boys love to do adventurous things.

2 ) Proper Noun

A proper Noun is the opposite of a Common Noun. The proper noun refers to the Specific name given to any person, place, or thing. A proper noun always begins with capital letters, no matter where they occur within a sentence. Go through the below examples to get a clear idea.

Example: We are planning to go to Pizza Hut. Raman Loves to do adventurous things.

Common Noun Proper Noun
BoyAbhishek
GirlRita
BridgeMahatma Gandhi Setu

3 ). Collective Nouns

Collective nouns are the name given to a group of people oregularlKiar a collection of things of the same type. When we want to name a group or collection of simindividualsdulas a hole we use collective nouns. In simple words, A collective noun is a word used to represent a group of people, animals, or things. For example :

  • A bunch of Grapes
  • A pride of Lions
  • A class of students
  • A flock of birds
  • A series of events
  • A herd of cattle

4). Abstract Noun

The name given to quality, action, idea, concept, or feeling is termed an Abstract Noun. Something which you can’t see, taste, hear or touch.

EX:-

  • Emotions such as love, fear, rage, joy, and excitement are abstract words.
  • Abstract nouns include cowardice, bravery, and other similar states.
  • Abstract nouns include things like desire, inventiveness, uncertainty, and otinboundinbornotionsk.

5). Material Noun

The material noun is the name given to the material, substance, or things made up of something. Material nouns are not generally countable means we cannot count them because they are in the forms of liquid, semi-liquid or solid. Nouns in this class are materials like cloth, air, metal, gold, salt, iron, silver, steel, brass, bronze, copper, aluminum, lead, coal, coral, gem, diamond, glass, fiber, etc.

EX:-

  • Cotton dresses are very cheap and comfortable.
  • My mom purchased a gold ring for me.
  • I drink milk in the silver.

6). Countable Noun

A countable noun is a noun that names the things which are countable and occur in both single and plural forms. The nouns which can be modified by numerals are countable nouns. Simply if we can count something as one, two, or three. that comes under Countable Nouns.

EX:-

  • There is one chair in this room (in this example, the word ‘chair’ is singularly countable)
  • There are 10 chairs in the house. (in this example, the word ‘chair’ is plural and countable).

7). Uncountable Noun

The uncountable noun is a noun that names the things which are not countable. It cannot take a plural form. The uncountable noun is also called a mass noun as we cannot count it

EX:-

  • There is no more milk in the kitchen.
  • Please take good care of your furniture.
  • I need some Water

Tenses

In Grammar, we use ‘Tense to define the time of occurrence of the action. The tenses in a sentence show the time of an action or state of being as shown by a verb. Actions can take place in the past state, Present state, or future state. So there are 3 main types of tenses which are defined as follows:

  • Present Tense
  • Past Tense
  • Future Tense

1). Present Tense:– The actions which are done presently are classified into ‘Present tense’. For

EX:- He is eating Pasta.,

2). Past Tense:- The actions which we have already done are classified into ‘Past tense’

EX:- He ate Pasta.

3). Future Tense:- The actions which we are going to do/will do/plan to do are termed as ‘Future tense’ sentences.

EX:- He will eat Pasta.

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